The pathogenicity of coronavirus was recognized in 1960 as a cause of the common cold.

However, it mutated, leading to the first coronavirus outbreak in November 2002 in Guangdong, China, and named Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS).

In 2012, a viral respiratory disease caused by a novel coronavirus (MERS) appeared in Saudi Arabia.

On December 31, 2019, the first COVID 19 case was reported to the WHO country office in China. Since then, many mutations have occurred, which have led to the appearance of several variants of concern.

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